Based on current situation of the state-owned farmland system,this paper constructs the improvement scheme of the state-owned farmland system according to the practical demand of the state-owned farms and farmers. In order to reform the management system of state-owned farm,,land use right can be defined as property right on the basis of state-owned land reclamation to promote the paid use of agricultural land use right steadily. Based on the two-field system,the land management right in the basic fields should be modeled as usufructuary right. And the land management right in the large-scale fields can be set up according to the logic of right and obligation right dichotomy. The long-term land management right is set as real right,and coordinated according to Property Law;while the short-term management right is set as creditor’s right on the principle of freedom of contract,and coordinated according to Contract Law to meet the needs of business entities. In the process of land legislation,two different types of norms should be integrated to distinguish the real rights of state-owned agricultural land from the obligation rights. In addition,while improving the property right system of state-owned agricultural land,the corresponding social security,management and operating system reforms should be enhanced.