Based on the choice experiment survey from 1058 wheatsmallholders in four provinces of Henan,Hebei,Anhui and Shandong,the smallholders’ payment preferences on green manure’s environmental attributes were analyzed. Meanwhile,random parameter logit models were used to analyze the heterogeneity of smallholders’ capital endowments and perception of environmental changes and explore the marginal willingness to pay for different environmental attributes of green manure. The results show that among the endowment of smallholders,the number of family agricultural labor,per capita income level,frequency of communication with relatives and friends,and education level have a positive impact on the willingness of smallholders to pay for the environmental attributes of green manure; in terms of the perception of environmental changes,smallholders who are concerned that wheat production will be affected by environmental degradation are more willing to pay; under the influence of capital endowments and environmental change perception factors,farmers’ willingness to pay for the environmental attributes of leguminous green manure has increased significantly with highest willingness to pay for cultivated land quality and fertility improvement attributes and lowest willingness to pay for attributes of slightly improved land quality and fertility. 