Abstract:The doublelayer management system is the basic system of China’s agricultural management ensuring the modernization of grain production capacity,which is prominently manifested in the practice of agricultural modernization of stateowned farms. Based on the experience of the stateowned farm in Jiansanjiang Reclamation Area in Northeast China,the research shows that the doublelayer management system of “big farm” and “small farm” which came into being in the history of this area continues to play a role,and meets the conditions of technologyintensive,laborintensive and capitalintensive largescale management of rice in cold areas. Its internal mechanism is that on the basis of land lease system,state farms,as stakeholders,have the obligation and motivation to provide developed socialized services for family farms. At the same time,due to the close relationship between the degree of agricultural modernization and agricultural income,family farms engaged in largescale management have the endogenous power of conscious adhesion.