The multi-agent coordination of rural public service supply is carried out within the framework of community and the key to the formation of the rural public service supply lies in its publicness. The three-dimensional analysis framework in light of structure， culture and agent provides an explanation for the production logic of publicness of the rural public service supply community. Based on a case study on the improvement of rural human settlements in Village J， Hunan province， it can be found that the public power’s guidance， regulation and suppression of private rights， the power control under the bureaucratic system and the moral structure that collectivism takes precedence over individualism are the source of pressure on the community’s public production. The rural acquaintance society’s cultivation of human relationships， public dialogue and the rural elites provide flexible space for the community’s public production. And the individual’s choice of the public interest over the personal interests， their participatory meaning construction and service-oriented value identification urge voluntary public production.