Capital going to the rural areas has become an important agricultural management entity and the study of the employment management practice of capital entities is of great significance to understand the future trend of China’s agricultural development.The field study found that the long-term history of smallholder agricultural management has formed a set of corresponding smallholder agricultural production system in China’s rural society.In the early stage of capital going to the countryside，there is a tension between the capitalized agricultural management mode and the small-scale agricultural production system.This often leads to difficulties in labor management for capital entities and they must undergo adaptive self-transformation to enter the market.However， the participation of capital in agricultural management often transforms the agricultural production system from multiple dimensions such as producer attribute，productivity level，nature of production relations and external social structure，making it compatible with capital-intensive agricultural management.Therefore，the difficulties of capital entities in labor management will be resolved.Based on this，the study believes that the employment management dilemma faced by some rural capital is only temporary.With the promotion of capital to the transformation process of agricultural production system，the capital entities will gradually gain “autonomy” in employment management activities.