This paper evaluates the comparative advantages of rapeseed production and international competitiveness of rapeseed products export in China by using five indices which are domestic resources cost coefficient(DRCC),revealed comparative advantage index(RCA),net revealed comparative advantage（NRCA）,market share(MS) and trade competitive index(TC).The results showed that China has not comparative advantages in the production of rape.As a whole,rapeseed and rape oil are net import whose international competitiveness is low.The disadvantage in rapeseed export is distinct,but the export of rape oil has the slight competitive advantage.Finally,this paper analyzes the reasons from status quo of domestic resources gift and technology,condition of process industry and demand of domestic market.