Farmers’ professional cooperative organization is the new-type rural economic organization spontaneously esablished by farmers who will intend to adapt to the rural and agricultural development needs in the new periods.This paper,taking Wuhan,the central city in central China for example,investigates the social basis,characters and other organizational forms of farmers’ professional cooperative organizations and points out that farmers’ professional cooperative organization is a new-type rural economic organization in the new periods and the effective carrier to take up modern urban agriculture.This paper finally concludes that it is quite necessary to develop farmers’ professional cooperative organization so that the cooperative organization will become the important industrial organization basis in modern urban agriculture and in rural areas.