Based on historical analysis and the case study in growth and sales of cotton,this paper investigates Egyptian commercialization of agricultural products from 1805 to 2011.The result shows that from 1805 to 1952 the growth and export of Egyptian cotton was directly influenced by the demand for cotton in European market,by the export of cotton from other regions esp.the USA,and by the fluctuation of cotton price in global market.The interweaving of modernization and colonization as well as contradiction of economic growth and development were the important characteristics of agricultural products.From 1952 to 2011, Egypt’s seed and trade structure of agricultural products began to show evident transformation.The cotton industry is gradually coming down and horticultural products is becoming more important,and modernization and independence are mutually strengthening,which constitutes the obvious characteristics of Egyptian commercialization of agricultural products.In a word,commercialization of agricultural products is one of the fundamental aspects of economic modernization in Egypt,and the growth as well as export of cotton is the main indication of commercialization of agricultural products.Egyptian commercialization of agricultural products shows the obvious stage,and there are also different beneficiaries in each stage.State policies,agricultural subjects and international market have a significant impact on Egyptian commercialization of agricultural products.Commercialization of agricultural products is closely related to political system and national sovereignty.