Willingness is a bad “prophet” of behavior,and it is very important to improve the willingness and behavior of farmers to apply biological pesticide.This paper uses depth survey method to study the reasons and influencing factors of conflict of farmers’ willingness and behavior for the biological pesticide application.The result shows that first,in the agricultural production,there is a clear conflict for farmers’ willingness and behavior of the biological pesticide application,63.06% of farmers say one thing but do another.Second,the conflict between the willingness and behavior of biological pesticides is not only determined by the individual characteristics of farmers themselves,but also affected by the realistic situation factors that are not controlled by the farmers.Third,individual factors and realistic situation factors that affect the biological pesticide application of farmers include self-efficacy,production purpose,application habits,questioning psychology,cognitive deficiencies,sales environment,social atmosphere,economic factors and immediate scene.This paper finally proposes several suggestions: the public sectors and pesticide enterprises should increase investment in research and development of biological pesticide,reduce the production cost,attach importance to the construction of retail terminals and enhance the visibility of effects and environmental advantages of biological pesticide in prevention and cure of crop diseases and insect pests.