According to the survey data of 618 farmers in the well-irrigated area in Hebei Province， this paper explored the impact of private management mode and group management mode on the irrigation water efficiency， on the basis of clarifying the differences in the existing management modes of borewells. The research results showed that the farmers using the private management mode of borewells had significantly higher irrigation water efficiency compared with the group management mode. Farmers who used privately-managed borewells had a higher adoption of farm-type water-saving technologies and better facility maintenance， which improved irrigation water efficiency， while the mediating effect of community-type water-saving technologies was not significant. Moreover， there was a water price threshold for the irrigation water efficiency of farmers. The irrigation water price of the group managed wells was lower than the threshold， and there was still a lot of room for increase. The irrigation price of some privately-managed borewells was much higher than the threshold， and had entered into the “non-effect stage” of irrigation water efficiency. Based on the above conclusions， the private management model should be optimised to reduce the loss of farmers’ welfare while continuing to maintain efficiency of farmers； the group management model should aim to improve the adoption of water-saving technology and the maintenance of water conservancy facilities.