Based on the survey data of 342 pig farmers in Hunan Province,this study integrates the six prerequisites of the formal institutions and the informal institutions,and combines the two emerging methods of NCA and QCA to explore the influence mechanism of institutional conditions on the behavior effect of manure resource utilization of farmers.The results show that a single institutional condition does not constitute a necessary condition for the high behavioral effect of the manure resource utilization of the farmers,but the descriptive social norms play an important role in improving the behavior effect of the manure resource utilization of the farmers.The conditions of formal institutions and informal institutions are multiple and concurrent,forming a differentiated condition configuration that drives the high behavioral effect of manure resource utilization of farmers.This can be divided into three categories:incentive induction type,constraint backward forcing type and guidance demonstration type,of which the explanatory and universal applicability of incentive induction type is the highest,and there are differences in the improvement path of the behavior effect of manure resource utilization of farmers of different sizes.It also puts forward policy recommendations from three aspects : combining different types of formal institutions,strengthening the external force of manure resource utilization,and implementing differentiated policies according to scale differences.