In the context of rural revitalization， rural living environment governance not only requires guidance and complementary funding provision at the policy level， but also requires the support and participation of farmers. Encouraging farmers’ active participation is not only a necessary condition for promoting the improvement of rural living environment， but also an effective way to improve rural governance. Based on the case of rural living environment governance in the village of Yun， it is pointed out that guiding farmers’ participation is a complex dynamic process， which involves the matching and coupling of national organization mobilization and individual behavior choice. Farmers who are relieved from the basic living pressure are driven ， is not only by the logic of interests， but also affected by identity factors in terms of their participation behavior. On the one hand， their identification with the value of national policy concepts and their reevaluation of rural living environment governance play a role in their decision-making. On the other hand， there is an emotional identification with the vernacular order and ethical relations which may reconstruct the connection between them and the village. The establishment of a farmer participation mechanism acknowledging their identity as the core will not only help solve the practical problem of “ farmers standing aside while the government does everything ”， but also contribute to the formation of farmers’ initiative.