The high-quality agricultural and rural development is the foundation for the high-quality development of China’s economy and society in the new era.Using Kernel Density，Moran index，Dagum Gini coefficient and geographic detector model，this paper analyzes the high-quality agricultural and rural development level，spatial-temporal characteristics，regional disparities and the influencing factors in 30 provinces from 2006 to 2020.The results show that：1）The quality of agriculture and rural areas development in China has steadily improved with significant regional disparities， with the highest overall level in the East and the fastest growth rate in the West.2）The positive correlation is significant in space，with most provinces in HH and LL regions without any transition phenomenon and the Kernel density estimation curve gradually shifts to the right in time，with the inter-provincial disparities in the West tending to converge，and the internal disparities in the other regions gradually expanding.3）The Gini coefficient shows a U-shaped trend，with inter-regional differences as the primary source.The largest regional development gaps are found between the eastern and western regions，while disparities in innovation and openness to development are the greatest across different regions.4）The high-quality development of agriculture and rural areas is jointly affected by multiple factors such as technological innovation，industrial structure，and financial support for agriculture.