Developing agricultural new quality productivity is the way to equip agriculture with new driving forces，transform agriculture with new technologies，enhance agriculture with new industries，promote agriculture with new values，lead agriculture with new productivity，and enhance the participation of agricultural global value chain.In view of this，empirically analyzes the impact of agricultural new quality productivity on the participation of the global value chain in agriculture.First，using the entropy method to construct an international indicator system for agricultural new quality productivity，and measure panel data of 63 countries from 2000 to 2018.Second，quantitatively analyzed the impact of agricultural new quality productivity on forward and backward participation in the agricultural global value chain.Finally，the mechanism discussion was conducted on how agricultural new quality productivity can enhance the global value chain participation，focusing on the level of agricultural servitization and industrialization.The results showed that：（1） the agricultural new quality productivity has generally improved globally，but the gap between developing and developed countries has not narrowed； （2） the promotion effect of agricultural new quality productivity on the forward participation of the agricultural global value chain is more prominent； （3） the agricultural new quality productivity enhances the level of agricultural servitization and industrialization in developing countries，strengthens participation in the global value chain，while in developed countries it suppresses this process.