Promoting agricultural and rural modernization is a significant task in the comprehensive construction of a modernized socialist country.The establishment of national modern agricultural demonstration zones is an active exploration and important initiative for advancing agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics.However，has the establishment of modern agricultural demonstration zones truly played a role in enhancing agricultural output and promoting agricultural modernization？Based on a classic government incentive model，this study constructs a theoretical model analysis framework for demonstration creation and agricultural production efficiency and employs a multi-period Difference-in-Differences （DID） model for empirical testing.The results indicate that the implementation of demonstration zones can incentivize local governments to increase investment in agricultural development.After the establishment of demonstration zones，the added value of agriculture，forestry，animal husbandry，and fishery in the relevant regions increased by 2.8%，and this result passed parallel trends test and Bacon decomposition.Robustness checks reveal that the demonstration effects are significant in county-level demonstration zones，suburban demonstration zones of medium and large cities，and demonstration zones for advantageous agricultural products，while the effects in city-level demonstration zones are not significant. Mechanism analysis shows that after the implementation of demonstration zone policy，the levels of government financial support for agriculture and agricultural technology promotion have improved，positively impacting agricultural output.The establishment of national modern agriculture demonstration zones is of great significance for promoting agricultural industries and rural modernization.However，the implementation of policies should be more precise，the spatial layout of the zones reasonably optimized，and the financial and technological investment increased.