With the coming of aging in rural China,it is imperative to set up the aged security system . According to the different risk faced by farmers in the different stages of age,the aged security system based on the age is the realistic option. At the same time,different affordability of pension and diversification of concepts and needs of the farmers with different occupation under the influence of age to the endowment should be considered. Only in combination with the above factors can the rural aged security system of both fairness and efficiency in China be established.