Based on the random sampling investigation of 870 peasants living in some countries in Jianghan Plain,this paper adopted the mode of questionnaires and home interviews and conformed to the principle of contingent valuation method (CVM) to investigate the peasants’ cognitive level on specific connotation of Agricultural multi-functionality and responsibility to protect public welfare functions,and their willingness to pay (WTP) about the multiple functions,and simultaneity to analyze the interrelationship between respondents’ social-economic characteristics and WTP.The results show that except material production,the peasants’ cognitive level on preventing soil and water erosion is the highest in all public welfare functions,reaching 67.84 percent,while the awareness of other public functions is lower than 50 percent.86.84 percent of interviewees are willing to pay additional costs for the preservation of Agricultural Multi-functionality,while the remaining 13.16 percent refuses to pay due to uncertain attribution responsibility and lack of money and time.Correlation analysis reveals that the respondents’ survey region,sexuality,education,source of income have extremely significant correlation with WTP value,while the respondents’ age has significant correlation with it.Meanwhile,logistic regression analysis reveals that source of income and educational level are more sensitive to willingness to pay than the age and sexuality.