Based on the spot investigation of 256 rural households in 4 counties in Jianghan Plain,this paper analyzes the influencing factors of rural households’ input in cultivated land using canonical correlation analysis and multi-regression model.The result indicates that family labor input and liquid capital input are the major content of rural households' inputs in cultivated land,and hired labor input and fixed capital input are relatively little.The behavior of rural households’ input is rational,and rural households decide the level of input according to several factors including family structure,resource endowment and external environment.The main factors of rural households’ input in cultivated land are family employment structure,family expenditure structure,farmers’ comprehension of policy,the level of family education and the scale of land management.