“The 11th Five-year Plan” period is the critical period for Fujian province to build a well-off society in all respects and quicken the construction of Economic Zone on the Western Coast of the Taiwan Straits.It is the essential way to increase the human capital investment in rural areas so as to improve farmers’ ability to fight against the poverty and walk up the road to increase their income.Based on the research methods,such as the combination of theoretical analysis and empirical analysis,logical reasoning and statistical analysis,this paper points out that the shortage of human capital investment is the key to restrict the improvement of farmers’quality.Taking “Economic Zone on the Western Coast of Taiwan Straits” for example,this paper analyzes human capital investment in rural areas from the following four points:education investment,training investment,health investment and mobility investment.Finally,this paper puts forward some relevant policy suggestions on how to increase the human capital investment in rural areas and push forward the harmonious development in cities and rural areas.