Based on the questionnaire data from 184 breeding farmers in Xiantao,Honghu and Hannan，this paper analyzed the cost and benefit of eel cage breeding farmers and used multiple linear regression model to analyze the main factors influencing eel cage breeding.The results showed that farmers’breeding experience,eel fodder utilization efficiency，price of eel and improvement of infrastructure in breeding base had passed a 1% significance test over the impact on breeding farmers’ profit. 