Human behavior is restricted by their cognitive degree,and farmers’ perception on aquaculture insurance restricts their purchasing behavior directly.Through onthespot investigation and the use of descriptive statistical analysis and Logistic model,this paper analyzes factors influencing farmers’ cognitive and purchasing behavior on breeding insurance.The result shows that education,number of insurance as well as the risk dispersing measures have positive effect on farmers’ cognition of breeding insurance.While proportion of nonfarming income in family’s total income has a negative relationship with farmer’s cognitive degree on breeding insurance and age as well as the number of labor force in the family has a slight influence on such cognition.This paper finally proposes some suggestions on how to push forward the development of breeding insurance.