This paper chooses Chengdu as the empirical area because of its first innovative model of farmland protection and compensation.Based on survey of 311 households in 12 villages from four towns,and from the perspective of household livelihoods endowment differences,this paper explores the effectiveness of participating in compensation policy with Canonical Correlation Model,aiming at providing reference for positioning the relatively efficient farmers type or key object.The result shows that concurrent-business households perform best in appraising the effectiveness of compensation policy,off-farm households show worst.The pure farmers’ endowment condition is positively correlated with their evaluation on policy effectiveness,but the off-farm and concurrent-business farmers are just the opposite.There are different perceptions for rural households with heterogeneous endowments on the effectiveness of policy implementation,and compensation policy satisfaction is the primary indicator to decide the effectiveness,linked with natural endowment and family wealth accumulation; agricultural production enthusiasm is another indicator reflecting the policy implementation,and physical capitals have greater contribution.In addition,there are discrepant perceptions on the effectiveness of policy implementation for different types of rural households with heterogeneous endowments.