Based on data collected from 210 pig farmers and Binary Logistic Model,this paper explored the influence of environmental perception and institutional context on pig farmers’ behavior of internalizing environmental cost by taking the harmless treatment of fecal sewage as an example.The results showed that the ecological consciousness and the sense of responsibility had significant positive influence on pig farmers’ behavior of waste disposal,under the premise of controlling the demographic variables and operating characteristics.In terms of institutional context factors,the frequency of farmers’ participation in technical training and intensity of subsidies had significant positive influence on pig farmer’s feces disposal behavior.However,the social reference standard had significant negative influence on pig farmers’ behavior.Therefore,the government should strengthen farmers’ knowledge education and skill training,formulate and implement policies on pig industry subsidies and supervision mechanism,encourage farmers to carry out the waste harmless handling procedure,and promote the internalization of environmental cost and the sustainable development of the industry.