Abstract:In the past three decades, research and development and promotion of the Transgenic Crops have made significant achievements.Meanwhile,there are some enormous difficulties.From the perspective of Crop Anthropology,the difficulties are mainly from three structural contradictions in the spreading process:the scientific rationalism of the laboratory and cultural sensibility of human society,the pursuing profits and speculating of biotech companies and the survival rights of the general public,the decision logic of government and the action logic of people.In order to build a fine social environment and show the biotechnology utility for Transgenic Crops,scientists and marketers should first abandon the simple linear thinking under the instrumental rationality,then respect the local values,cultural traditions,social ethics and people’s wills.In addition,the policy makers should elevate the speech right of farmers and consumers,and increase the transparency of decisionmaking.