Choosing the right development model is crucial to the ongoing changes and future development of rural society. Based on Smith’s framework,this paper divides rural development models into two major categories of endogenous integration and external embedding. Through analyzing the typical rural development models in China,this paper points out that “policy,trade accessibility and industrial and commercial capital and country elites” are the important factors influencing rural social development. Endogenous integration is the ideal choice for rural social development.However,the current development of rural areas lacks conditions and capacity for endogenous integration. Much of the rural development in China must be carried out outside the “policy,capital and trade accessibility” under the joint action of government and market and must be embedded,and then integrated under the leadership of the rural elite.In order to ensure the smooth implementation of the rural development model,this paper puts forward some corresponding measures and policy guarantee mechanism from the perspective of land,farmer’s rights and interests,villager autonomy and some other influencing factors in order to provide the experience for model choice in rural development of China.