Based on the sustainable livelihood approach and data of 225 randomly selected farmers in Xinzhou district and Xiangzhou district in 2016,this paper employs an ordered Logit model to analyze the factors influencing the livelihood assets mobility of rural households who rent out the farmland. The result shows that before the land transfer,the order difference in various livelihood assets has already existed and the land transfer just changes the order difference between natural asset and financial asset,while the order difference in other assets remained unchanged. The total livelihood assets mobility presents obvious differences in different groups,and total livelihood assets mobility of low livelihood assets group tends to be more ascending while the high livelihood assets group show more descending. The main factors which affect the upward flow of the total assets include the livelihood strategy of working type,the strategy of part-time type and the favorable position in the suburbs of provincial capital. The nonlabor type and farming type are constrained by the assets endowment of the initial stage of land transfer so that they can’t choose a livelihood strategy which is more conductive to the total livelihood assets flow. Therefore,this paper proposes that government should create non-agricultural employment environment and cultivate new-type agricultural management entities to strengthen the livelihood assets and promote the transformation of livelihood.