Based on the stochastic frontier production function model and the use of six provincial panel data from 1978 to 2015 in East China,the trend of agricultural total factor productivity growth and decomposition trends in East China were analyzed. The structure shows that from 1978 to 2015,the annual growth rate of agricultural TFP in East China was 4.59%,showing a decreasing,increasing and steady trend successively; the growth of agricultural technological progress was the main driving force for the growth of TFP; the technical efficiency,declined year by year,was the obstructive factor of agriculture in East China. The effect of scale to impede agricultural growth was not obvious; the factor allocation effect had a positive effect on economic growth in the form of structural dividend,but not significant. Based on this,this paper proposed to increase investment in agricultural technology innovation,raise the efficiency of agricultural output,accelerate the reform of the agricultural fixed assets investment system,and activate the optimization of incremental stocks; optimize resource allocation and improve the quality and efficiency of agricultural supply systems.