Using data from a survey on migrant children in Shenzhen conducted in 2013,this paper analyzes the status of migrant children’s institutional identity and regional identity,and explores the factors influencing migrant children’s institutional identity and regional identity from perspectives of vinculum to country/city and social distance. The results show that:migrant children are challenged by identity crisis and ambiguity in identity because the city people and local people have a low recognition of these children’s identity; the institutional identity crisis is more severe,mainly attributed to whether or not in possession of house property in Shenzhen and the proficiency in speaking local dialect (vinculum to city) and children’s life time in rural areas and social distance (vinculum to rural areas). And these four factors also influence children’s regional identity. How the vinculum to rural areas affects the identity of migrant children varies,and the different social distances also impose various and obvious effects on the identity of migrant children.