Grain price support policy is an important driving force to implement the rural revitalization strategy,ensure food security and promote farmers’ income.This paper analyzes the evolution of China’s grain price support policy since the implementation of the Policy of Reform and Opening up,and summarizes the merits and faults to explore the optimization direction of grain price support policy.It is found that six major grain policies have been regulated and implemented,namely “dualtrack system”,“protective price purchase”,“minimum purchase price”,“temporary purchase and storage”,“target price” and “producer subsidy”.The changes in the grain price support policies indicate the shift from government will to state will,from the single temporary solution to the systematic measures,from comprehensive management to key support,from government’s leading role to allsided participation,which plays a pivotal role in guaranteeing the national food security and increasing farmers’ income.To resolve the problems in the implementation of grain support policies,this paper proposes to accelerate the establishment of grain market pricing mechanism,grain production subsidy mechanism and grain market risk-sharing mechanism,to realize the systematic reform of grain price support policy,and to establish a matching policy with various measures.