Abstract:The 2019 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to three economists: A. Banerjee,E. Duflo and M. Kremer. This paper introduces the research and contribution of the laureates on poverty and development issues,briefly describes the application and value of RCTs in micro-economic research,and evaluates the disputes caused by RCTs. It emphasizes that despite the experimental methodology of economics having been repeatedly criticized, it should be acknowledged that the technicality or technical tendency of the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences is becoming increasingly obvious,which runs counter to the initial aim to encourage basic theoretical breakthroughs or originality in knowledge. Empirical research in economics is important and so is the RCTs approach in deepening insight into the real-world,but it is not omnipotent to solve all the issues on development or poverty.