Applying the individual relative deprivation index,this paper used the sample of 950 ruralurban migrants surveyed by the research group in 2017 to measure the individual income inequality with Kakwani index and explore the impact of individual income inequality on the risk coping strategies of rural-urban migrants. The results show that the individual income inequality of rural-urban migrants is in low-level deprivation range with an average index value at 0.277,among which the statistics for male and female migrant workers are respectively 0.348 and 0.227. The index value of the old generation of migrant workers is higher than that of the new generation. Educational level is negatively correlated with the index value. The index value of ordinary workers is higher than that of other technical managers. Migrant workers with high individual deprivation index tend to adopt high-cost risk coping strategies,such as lowering basic living standards,reducing education and medical expenses,etc.,whereas those with low inde tend to adopt low-cost risk coping strategies such as getting loans from formal institutions and formal social support. Women,the unhealthy,the poorly-educated and the new generation of migrant workers are in a relatively disadvantaged position among migrant workers,and they are prone to adopt high-cost risk coping strategies in face of risks. These conclusions provide empirical evidence for the study of risk management of migrant workers and provide a reference for improving the urban social security system and promoting the process of civilization and urbanization.