Land fragmentation and land quality are two important factors affecting agricultural output and efficiency,and the two variables interact with each other. Based on the survey data collected from 775 farmers in Wuhan metropolitan area in Hubei province and selecting the average size of plots,the number of plots and the average distance between plots as indicators of land fragmentation,this paper analyzes the impact of land fragmentation and land quality on rice yield and technical efficiency and its regional difference. All the samples are divided into two groups according to landform types and four different forms of stochastic frontier production functions and technical efficiency loss functions are constructed. he results indicate that:(1)Land fragmentation has a slightly negative impact on rice yield and technical efficiency in hillock and plain area,yet a slightly positive impact on rice yield and technical efficiency in low mountain and hilly area. (2)Land quality has a significantly positive impact on rice yield and technical efficiency both in hillock and plain area and low mountain and hilly area. (3)Agricultural income ratio,per capita annual income and commodity rate have significantly positive impacts on technical efficiency. The three single indicators of land fragmentation are used to carry out robustness test,replacing the previous comprehensive index. It is confirmed that the main results are considerably robust.