播期对黑稻品质与产量的影响
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作者单位:

华中农业大学植物科学技术学院/双水双绿研究院,武汉 430070

作者简介:

张凯迪,E-mail:zkd20230316@163.com

通讯作者:

江洋,E-mail:jiangyang@ mail.hzau.edu.cn

中图分类号:

S511

基金项目:

湖北洪山实验室重大项目(2021HSZD002);湖北省自然科学基金项目(2023AFB789);武汉市科技特派员产学研专项(2023110201030655)


Effects of sowing date on quality and yield of black rice
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Affiliation:

College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University/ Shuangshui Shuanglü Institute, Wuhan 430070, China

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    摘要:

    为探明协调黑稻产量增加和品质提升的适宜播期,以黑帅、中科黑糯1号、襄黑9355和华墨香5号4个黑稻品种为试验材料,进行了2 a大田试验,研究常规播期(5月16日播种)和适当晚播(5月31日播种)对黑稻产量、灌浆充实度、营养品质、蒸煮食味品质和加工品质的影响。结果显示:在正常气候条件下(2021年),播期推迟提高了黑稻籽粒灌浆充实度,进而提高了黑稻产量;播期推迟条件下4个黑稻品种米饭的峰值黏度和崩解值平均增加了17.27%和27.59%,消减值降低,但米饭硬度平均增加了4.09%,回复性和黏性有所下降;然而,播期推迟使黑稻的花青素含量和蛋白质含量平均降低14.31%和10.02%,营养品质有所下降。总体来说,播期推迟在提升产量和灌浆充实度的同时,改善了稻米食味品质,但降低了黑米的营养品质。因此,合理选择适宜播种日期有利于实现黑稻产量和品质的协同提升。

    Abstract:

    Among colored rice, black rice has attracted much attention due to its sensory characteristics, high nutritional value, and health benefits. However, the yield and quality of black rice are more susceptible to environmental and cultivation measures, resulting in unstable yield and low quality. Four black rice varieties including Heishuai, Zhongkeheinuo 1, Xianghei 9355, and Huamoxiang 5 were used to conduct a two-year field experiment to investigate the effects of conventional sowing date and appropriate late sowing (May 16th and May 31st) on the yield, the filling and plumpness of grain, the nutritional quality, the quality of cooking and taste, and the processing quality of black rice. The results showed that appropriate late sowing increased the filling and plumpness of grain in black rice under normal climatic conditions (2021), thereby increasing the yield of black rice. The peak viscosity and disintegration value of rice in four black rice varieties under the condition of delayed sowing increased by an average of 17.27% and 27.59%, while the reduction value decreased. The average hardness of rice increased by 4.09%, but the recovery and viscosity decreased. The delayed sowing date resulted in an average decrease of 14.31% and 10.02% in the content of anthocyanin and protein in black rice, and a decline in nutritional quality. The delayed sowing date increased the yield and the filling and plumpness of grain, improved the taste quality of rice, but reduced the nutritional quality of black rice. Therefore, reasonable selection of suitable sowing dates is beneficial for achieving a synergistic improvement in the yield and quality of black rice.

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张凯迪,田明,汪金平,曹凑贵,李成芳,江洋.播期对黑稻品质与产量的影响[J].华中农业大学学报,2025,44(3):8-16

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  • 收稿日期:2024-11-08
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-07-02
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