In order to assess the control effect of the rice-duck-crayfish cultivation models on rice field diseases， pests and weeds， a field experiment was carried out at the Jianli Base of Shuangshui and Shuanglu Research Institute of Huazhong Agricultural University in 2022. The occurrence of diseases， insects， and weeds， as well as the diversity of arthropods in the field were investigated under three different cultivation systems： the rice monoculture （CK）， rice-crayfish cultivation （RC） and two rice-duck-crayfish cultivation models （HRDC， rice-dark-crayfish model with a high frequency of dark locomotion； LRDC， with a low frequency）. The results showed that ducks had a significant inhibitory effect on non-gramineous weeds （Cyperus difformis and Alternanthera philoxeroides） （P<0.05）， but no significant suppression on grasses such as Echinochloa crusgall and Leptochloa chinensis. Furthermore， the inhibitory effect of HRDC on non-gramineous weeds was greater than that of LRDC. In addition， compared with CK and RC treatments， the two treatments involving ducks significantly inhibited damage caused by the rice leaf roller borer and the rice planthopper during the tillering and booting stages （P<0.05）. However， they did not show a significant control over the rice stem borer. At the booting stage， the diversity and evenness of the plots treated with ducks were significantly higher than those of the CK plots treated with pesticides （P<0.05）. Among the treatments， the HRDC exhibited the highest levels of diversity and evenness， followed by the LRDC treatment. In summary， integrating duck farming into rice-crayfish cultivation fields presents a feasible and effective environmentally friendly control system for rice fields.