To clarify the relationship between endogenous hormones and resistance to sugarcane pokkah boeng disease，this study utilized Fusarium verticillioides，the primary pathogenic fungus of sugarcane pokkah boeng disease in China，as the pathogen，and employed the highly resistant cultivar YT94-128 （Yuetan 94-128） and the susceptible cultivar GT37 （Guangxi Tang 37） as experimental materials. High-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） was applied to detect the dynamic changes of five endogenous hormones in sugarcane leaves following pathogen inoculation. The results demonstrated that the HPLC method achieved average recovery rates of 99.61%，99.12%，97.36%，96.74%，and 99.90% for gibberellin （GA），jasmonic acid （JA），citric acid （CA），malic acid （MA）and salicylic acid （SA） in sugarcane leaves，respectively.The precision，indicated by relative standard deviation （RSD） values，ranged from 0.033% to 4.220%，highlighting the method’s rapid analysis，high resolution，and excellent stability and reproducibility. Post-inoculation analysis revealed distinct hormonal patterns： GA content progressively decreased in both cultivars during sugarcane growth，with a more pronounced reduction in GT37. JA content initially increased before decling，showing a greater reduction amplitude in GT37. CA content continuously increased in YT94-128 but significantly decreased in GT37. MA content steadily rose and stabilized in YT94-128，whereas GT37 exhibited a peak at 4 days post-inoculation，followed by a stabilization. SA content in both cultivars displayed an initial increase followed by a decline，with more marked fluctuations in YT94-128. This study demonstrates that the differential concentrations and dynamic patterns of endogenous hormones following pathogen infection may serve as critical indicators for assessing varietal resistance to sugarcane pokkah boeng disease.