两个品种鸭稻田控草、除虫及捕食残余小龙虾效率的比较研究
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1.华中农业大学水产学院;2.华中农业大学植物科学技术学院;3.湖北丰沃农业科技有限公司

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湖北洪山实验室重大项目(2021HSZD002); 湖北省农业科技创新中心项目(2021-620-000-001-33); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金资助(2662023SCPY003)


Comparative Study on the Efficiency of Two Duck Varieties in Weed Control, Pest Management, and Predation on Residual Crayfish in Rice Fields
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    摘要:

    为筛选适合稻-鸭-虾种养模式的鸭品种,本研究以虾稻连作模式(RCCC)为对照,比较了武禽10号(MG组)和农湖2号(LG组)的稻田控草、除虫及清除残余小龙虾的能力。结果表明:(1)控草方面,MG组对总杂草的防效为65.83%,显著高于LG组的11.09%。其中,MG组对喜旱莲子草的防效为50.40%,显著高于LG组的-198.34%;对异型莎草的防效为56.82%,高于LG组的37.88%;对稗草的防效为79.31%,略低于LG组的81.03%。(2)除虫方面,放鸭30 d后,MG组和LG组对二化螟的防治效果均为100%,对稻纵卷叶螟的防治效果MG组为74.93%,高于LG组的45.00%;收鸭1 d后,MG组稻纵卷叶螟的防治效果为99.20%,高于LG组的94.60%,二者的二化螟防治效果均达到了100%。(3)捕食残余小龙虾方面,MG组的捕食能力为1.67尾/d,高于LG组的1.33尾/d。MG组的次年虾苗产量为60.00 kg/hm2,低于LG组75.5 kg/hm2,但二者显著低于RCCC组的670.91 kg/hm2。综合控草、除虫效果及捕食残余小龙虾能力,相比农湖2号,武禽10号更适合稻-鸭-虾种养模式。

    Abstract:

    To pinpoint the most suitable duck breeds for the Rice-duck-crayfish integrated system, this study contrasted the weed management, pest control, and residual crayfish predation abilities of the meat duck group (Wu Qin No.10) and the Laying duck group (Nong Hu No.2), with the Rice-crayfish continuous culture system serving as the control. Here are the key findings: 1. Weed management: The meat duck group achieved a significant weed control efficacy of 65.83%, which was substantially higher than the Laying duck group's 11.09% (P<0.05). Specifically, the meat duck group's control efficacy against Alternanthera philoxeroides was 50.40%, a notable improvement over the Laying duck group's -198.34% (P<0.05). The meat duck group also demonstrated a 56.82% efficacy against Cyperus difformis, outperforming the Laying duck group's 37.88%, and a 79.31% efficacy against Echinochloa crusgalli, which was marginally less than the Laying duck group's 81.03%. 2. Pest Control: After a 30-day period with ducks present, both the meat duck and Laying duck groups achieved a complete control efficacy of 100% against Chilo suppressalis. The meat duck group had an 74.93% control efficacy against Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, which was higher than the Laying duck group's 45.00%. A day after duck removal, the meat duck group's control efficacy against Cnaphalocrocis medinalis was 99.20%, surpassing the Laying duck group's 94.60%. Both groups achieved 100% control efficacy against Chilo suppressalis, with no plant mortality observed. 3. Predation on residual crayfish: The meat duck group had a daily predation rate of 1.67 crayfish tails, which was higher than the Laying duck group's rate of 1.33 tails per day. The meat duck group's crayfish seed yield in the subsequent year was 60.00 kg/hm2, which was lower than the Laying duck group's yield of 75.5 kg/hm2, but both yields were significantly below the RCCC group's yield of 670.91 kg/hm2 (P<0.05). Considering the weed management, pest control, and residual crayfish predation abilities, it was determined that the Wu Qin No.10 meat duck is better suited for the RDCI.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-11-28
  • 最后修改日期:2025-04-18
  • 录用日期:2025-04-18
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