高温对武禽10肉鸭稻-鸭共生模式下行为学及生长性能影响研究
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1.武汉市农业科学院;2.湖北省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所;3.华中农业大学

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湖北洪山实验室重大项目(2021hszd002);国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-42);湖北省技术创新专项(2022BEC037)


Influence of high temperature on behavior and growth performance of Wuqin 10 meat duck under rice-duck symbiosis
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Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences

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Major Project of Hubei Hongshan Laboratory (2021hszd002); China Agriculture Research System (CARS-42); Major Technology Innovation Projects of Hubei (2022BEC037)

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    摘要:

    为探究夏季高温对稻-鸭共生模式下武禽10肉鸭田间行为、除草效果、以及生产性能的影响,选取稻-鸭共生试验田5块,分1个大田块(T0,2 hm2)和4个小田块(T1~T4,0.33 hm2),按105~225只/hm2投放武禽10肉鸭,试验从6月30日起至8月31日止。持续观察鸭全天在田间的游动、休息、采食等行为的发生和持续时间,除草效果;记录试验期间每日08:00、14:00时野外温度、鸭周增重、饲料消耗等数据。结果显示,夏季高温条件下,鸭田间活动高峰在05:00-10:00、15:00-19:00较凉爽时段,中午高温时段鸭主动寻找阴凉处纳凉;鸭一般在鸭舍近端一定半径范围内活动,T0田块远端几乎无鸭活动;稻-鸭共生除草效果与鸭田间活动频次正相关,鸭在无水区域的活动频次明显降低,除草效果较差;高温可引起鸭热应激,明显降低生长速度。结果表明:武禽10肉鸭适用于稻-鸭共生模式,其除草效果与鸭群活动范围正相关,夏季高温显著影响其生产性能,运动场遮阳、稻田和环沟灌水可有效缓解热应激。

    Abstract:

    In order to explore the influence of high temperature in summer on the behavior, thereof weeding effect, and production performance of Wuqin 10 meat ducks under rice-duck symbiosis, five rice fields were selected in this study, which were divided into one large field (T0, 2 hm2) and four small fields (T1-T4, each one was 0.33 hm2). Wuqin 10 meat ducks were placed in above fields, with a density of 105~225 ducks/hm2. The experiment started from June 30th to August 31st. The occurrence and duration time of ducks' swimming, resting, feeding and other behaviors in the field all day, thereof the weeding effect, were continuously observed. The outdoor temperature at 08:00 and 14:00 every day, weekly weight gain of ducks and feed consumption were recorded during the experiment. The results showed that under the condition of high temperature in summer, the activity peaks of ducks in the field were usually at 05:00-10:00 and 15:00-19:00, and at noon, ducks actively sought the shade to enjoy the cool. Ducks generally moved within a certain radius near the duck house, and there was almost no duck activity at the distal region of T0 field far away the duck house. The weeding effect of rice-duck symbiosis was positively correlated with the frequency of ducks' activities in the field, and the frequency of ducks' activities in waterless areas was significantly reduced, so the weeding effect was poor. High temperature can cause heat stress in ducks, which significantly reduces the growth rate. The results showed that Wuqin 10 meat ducks were suitable for the rice-duck symbiosis mode, and its weeding effect was positively correlated with the range of duck activities. The high temperature in summer significantly affected the performance of ducks, and the shading in sports fields, irrigation in paddy fields and ditches could effectively reduce the heat stress.

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  • 收稿日期:2025-02-24
  • 最后修改日期:2025-04-23
  • 录用日期:2025-04-30
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