Using cropping soil (Shandong Shouguang pepper greenhouse) as basic matrix and the chemical fertilizer as control,five different organic fertilizer formulations with the same level of N,P and K content were applied to pepper plants potted in soil from a continuous cropping greenhouse to compare impacts of organic fertilizers on rhizospheric microbial diversity and the growth of peppers.The rhizosphere microbial quantity and diversity were investigated using random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and a traditional plate counting method.Results showed that most types of organic fertilizer can increase rhizosphere soil microbial diversity and the organic fertilizer made from silk worm excrement plus yeast fermentation waste (SYM) is the highest one.SYM provides the best results in promoting plant growth,protection of seedlings from damping-off,and improving the vitamin C and capsaicin content of fruits.These results indicated that organic fertilizer produced by fermented waste is conducive to the sustainable development of agriculture which can increase yields and quality of crop,improve micro-ecological structure of soil in continuous cropping.