Flood disasters are the main risk faced by coastal cities due to climate change. Based on the IPCC's definition of risk， this article constructed an assessment model of flood risk index based on hazard， vulnerability， and exposure. 11 evaluation indicators were used to calculate the flood risk index with scenario simulation and GIS spatial overlay methods. The Huangpu River waterfront space in Shanghai was selected as the study area for empirical analysis. Scenarios in 2030， 2050， and 2100 were simulated. The spatial pattern of flood risk under climate change goals in the Huangpu River waterfront area was obtained based on the results of evaluation. Furthermore， a single-factor overlay evaluation was conducted based on population density to identify the “Three Zones and Three Policies” for landscape renewal in the Huangpu River waterfront space through scenario simulation. The results of assessing the flood-prone area showed that the risk level is increasing year by year according to the spatial pattern of flood risk under the objective of climate change in the Huangpu River waterfront. Both upstream and downstream parts of Huangpu River show high flood risk sections in the scenario simulation in 2050 and 2100. The coastline that adopts resistance （flood control） strategies has been increasing year by year， posing an increasing threat to areas with high urban population density. The number of shorelines adopting evacuation strategies has been increasing year by year， and the livability of water banks has decreased. The number of shorelines adopting coexistence （flood carrying） strategies is decreasing year by year， and more resistance and evacuation strategies are needed. According to the flood risk zoning policy of Huangpu River waterfront from the perspective of climate change， the flood area is located to the east of Baoshan District and the Northwest Angle of Pudong New Area. The Huangpu River waterfront space needs to adopt a retreat and evacuation strategy， implement population evacuation， plan the “estuary protection plan”， and construct ecological wetlands in the middle reaches of the Songjiang District. The flood-resistant area is located in the central urban area， and the waterfront space needs to continue to adopt flood-resistant strategies， with increasing risks. The assessment of the flood bearing area is located in most of the Huangpu waterfront spaces， and the strategy of coexisting with the flood can be adopted， but the potential is increasingly shrinking.