To study the effects of nitrogen application rate and planting density on nitrogen use efficiency and yield of rice in Southern Xinjiang，split plot experiments were carried out in the main area of nitrogen application rate and the subarea of the planting density to analyze LAI，NR activity，nitrogen absorption and transport and yield changes in the population of Xindao 36. The results showed that appropriate nitrogen application and dense planting were beneficial for increasing LAI and NR activity in the population. LAI was higher at 360 kg/hm² nitrogen application rate and 2 083-2 669 thousand holes/hm² density，and NR was higher at 240-260 kg/hm² nitrogen application rate and 166 700-208 300 thousand holes/hm² density. The maximum amount of nitrogen transport in the stem and sheath and the increase in nitrogen in the ear can be obtained by applying 240 kg/hm² of nitrogen and a planting density of 277 800 holes/hm²，and the agronomic utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is significantly higher than that of other combinations. A proper increase in density can reduce the decline in nitrogen partial productivity and nitrogen absorption efficiency caused by the increase in nitrogen application rate. Under the condition of a 240 kg/hm² nitrogen application rate，a planting density of 208 300-277 800 holes/hm² can achieve the coordinated improvement of nitrogen utilization and yield，which can be a reference for the planting of Xindao 36 in Southern Xinjiang.