To explore the differences in efficiency and influencing factors among various rice field farming models，this study constructs an “efficiency assessment-influencing factors” framework based on field survey data collected from Hubei Province in 2023. By integrating micro-level household survey data with climate data，we employ both SFA and SBM-DEA models to measure the technical efficiency and ecological efficiency of different rice field farming systems. We systematically examine the efficiency disparities between these models and evaluate their respective advantages and limitations. The results indicate that： （1） Among the four rice-farming modes including single rice，rice-crayfish，rice-duck，and rice-duck-crayfish，the rice-duck-crayfish mode demonstrates the highest technical and ecological efficiency，with values of 0.760 and 0.545，respectively. In contrast，the technical efficiency of the rice-duck model and the ecological efficiency of the rice-crayfish model are the lowest，at 0.581 and 0.323，respectively. （2） Factors such as the gender of the household head，agricultural insurance，economic development level，extreme temperatures，and average rainfall have inhibited the improvement of technical efficiency，while the age of the household head，agricultural subsidies，total household income，and drone usage positively contribute to technical efficiency. （3） The age of the household head and indicators of high-temperature heatwaves significantly improve ecological efficiency，while factors such as the gender of the household head，total household population，total household income，drone usage，level of economic development，extreme low temperatures，and drought negatively affect the improvement of ecological efficiency. （4） Compared to the single rice mode，the rice-crayfish mode exhibits significant decrease in technical efficiency and ecological efficiency by 0.053 and 0.178，respectively. However，technical efficiency of the rice-duck-crayfish mode is 0.163 higher than that of the single rice mode. The study indicates that the rice-duck-crayfish model demonstrates the highest performance in terms of both technical and ecological efficiency，highlighting its substantial potential for promotion.